新闻 丨 3.5mm转Lightning适配器今年仍是新机标配

百度 为尽快查明该男子他们的违法犯罪活动，北京铁路公安处又增加警力进一步开展工作。

?????? ????? (?????? ???????? ?????)
???????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????
???? 5 ??????? 1817 ???? ??????, ???? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????
?????????
?????????? ??????	??????????? ???????????? ????????
????????, ?????????
???? ?????	??????????? ?????? ????, ??????? ??????
????
28,000	3,000
?????????
500	86

?????? ????? (Battle of Kirkee), ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ?????, 5 ??????? 1817 ?????, ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????????????, ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????, ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????. ???????????? ???????????????? ????????. ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????????????.

???????????

• Memoirs of the operations of the British Army in India during the Mahratta war of 1817,1818 and 1819, London 1821- by Lt. Col. Valentine Blacker, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 1-4067-3533-7
• J.M.Campbell, Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency. Vol XVIII Part III Pune District, 1885.
• Pune: Queen of the Deccan - J Diddee and S. Gupta (2000) publ. Elephant Design Pvt. Ltd., Kothrud, Pune, INDIA. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 81-87693-00-2
• Old Deccan Days (1868), Frere, M., 3rd ed. 1898. London: Murray.
• *The particular chapter of Frere's book referring to the narration by Jadowrow (sic) Notes (transcript)
• There is an account of the battle from the "Peshwyaanchee Bakhar" (the official record of the reign of the Peshwas). It was written in the Modi script (translations are available) and it does not include maps. The fact that the 'Zaree Pat' staff broke prior to the battle has been recorded here, that being perceived as a bad omen. There is also a mention of the morass which obstructed the cavalry charge and that the Peshwa watched the battle unfolding from Parvati Hill with the help of a telescope.
• The morass which caused the Maratha cavalry charge to break is likely to have survived till today. Results of field work being carried out presently will be reported shortly to Bharat Itihas Sanshodhak Mandal, Pune, India.
• A History of the Marathas - James Grant Duff (1826) London
• Territories conquered from the Peishwa- Mountstuart Elphinstone
• Konkan: From the earliest to 1818 A.D. - V.G. Khoprekar
• History of Poona and Deccan in a Perspective - Arthur Crawford
• Medieval Maratha Country - A.R. Kulkarni
• Bombay and the Marathas Up to 1774 - W.J. Desai
• [1] Marathas' struggle for empire: Anglo-Maratha wars, 1679-1818 by Anil A. Athale.
• Some political background for this battle ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????
• map of the battle events ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????
• The temple indicated as 'pagoda' in the map above is not the Chatushshrungi temple as earlier thought. At the location there exists a Ganesh temple named " Paarvatinandan" which is known to have been regularly visited by the Peshwas before their campaigns. Diplomatic correspondence between the Peshwa and Mountstuart Elphinstone days before the battle refer to a 'pooja' (worship programme) intended to be performed by the Peshwa at a local temple justifying the troop build up around Ganeshkhind.
• a recent satellite picture of the same area ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????
• Annotated picture of the area from Wikimapia